Integrated Untargeted and Targeted Metabolomics Reveals Distinct Bioactive Metabolite Profiles Between Probiotic...

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Metabolomics
• Food Science

Background:

• Probiotics are popular health-promoting agents consumed as supplements (PS) or yogurt (YG).
• Limited systematic comparisons exist for the biochemical characteristics of PS and YG.
• Understanding these differences is crucial for optimizing health benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively compare the metabolite profiles of PS and YG using integrated metabolomics.
• To identify specific marker metabolites distinguishing PS from YG.
• To evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antiglycation activities and their correlation with identified metabolites.

Main Methods:

• Utilized integrated untargeted and targeted metabolomics to analyze PS and YG.
• Identified and quantified differential metabolites between the two probiotic forms.
• Performed in vitro assays for antioxidant and antiglycation activities.

Main Results:

• PS showed higher levels of amino acids, lysophospholipids, acetate, propionate, and indole derivatives.
• YG had higher abundances of carbohydrates, acylcarnitines, sphingolipids, butyrate, and creatine.
• Identified 27 PS-specific and 17 YG-specific marker metabolites.
• PS exhibited significantly higher antioxidant and antiglycation activities than YG.
• Indole derivatives (e.g., indole-3-acrylic acid) were linked to PS's antiglycation activity.

Conclusions:

• PS and YG possess distinct biochemical compositions and metabolite profiles.
• Specific amino acids and indole derivatives in PS contribute to its enhanced bioactivity.
• Identified marker metabolites and bioactive compounds offer insights into functional differences between PS and YG.