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Changes in Systemic Inflammatory Marker Levels Following Percutaneous Revascularisation of Lower Extremity Arteries
Maja Glogovšek1, Ula Dobovičnik1, Vinko Boc1,2
1Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 14, 2026
Summary
Endovascular revascularisation for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) causes short-term inflammation, particularly IL-6. Successful procedures may reduce inflammatory markers over time, suggesting improved systemic inflammation in PAD patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Immunology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a vascular condition driven by systemic atherosclerosis and inflammation.
- Endovascular revascularisation aims to restore blood flow but may transiently increase inflammation due to vascular injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the temporal changes in inflammatory biomarkers following endovascular femoropopliteal revascularisation in PAD patients.
- To assess the relationship between restored perfusion and systemic inflammatory burden.
Main Methods:
- Prospective, observational, single-centre pilot study involving 28 PAD patients undergoing percutaneous femoropopliteal revascularisation.
- Measurement of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNFα at baseline, one day, and three months post-procedure.
- Analysis of clinical outcomes at three months and one year, including PAD symptom progression and major adverse cardiovascular events.
Main Results:
- Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels significantly increased one day post-procedure and decreased below baseline by three months (p < 0.001).
- Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFα) levels decreased significantly at three months post-procedure (p = 0.012 and p = 0.016, respectively).
- No significant changes were observed in hsCRP or IL-8; no major adverse cardiovascular events occurred during follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Endovascular femoropopliteal revascularisation elicits distinct peri-procedural inflammatory responses, with IL-6 exhibiting the most dynamic changes.
- Reduced inflammatory biomarker levels at three months suggest that improved limb perfusion may positively modulate systemic inflammation in PAD.
- Further research is needed to determine the prognostic significance of these inflammatory biomarker dynamics in PAD management.
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