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High-Precision Ultrasonic Anemometry System Based on Polyvinylidene Fluoride Piezoelectric Film and Variational Mode
Haodong Niu1,2, Yunbo Shi1,2, Kuo Zhao1,2
1School of Measurement and Control Technology and Communication Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 14, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a new ultrasonic wind speed measurement system using a PVDF transducer and microphone. The innovative signal processing significantly improves accuracy and robustness in complex environments.
Area of Science:
- Acoustics
- Sensor Technology
- Signal Processing
Background:
- Ultrasonic wind speed measurements in complex flows suffer from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and waveform distortion.
- Existing methods struggle with accuracy and environmental adaptability in challenging conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an improved ultrasonic wind speed measurement system addressing SNR and distortion issues.
- To enhance the accuracy and robustness of ultrasonic anemometry in diverse wind conditions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric film ultrasonic transducer integrated with a microphone (MIC).
- Implemented a signal processing framework combining variational mode decomposition (VMD) and an extended Kalman filter (EKF) with cross-correlation interpolation.
- Leveraged PVDF's low Q-factor and wide bandwidth for omnidirectional transmission and high-fidelity reception.
Main Results:
- The VMD-assisted EKF method improved SNR by approximately 26% compared to the conventional EKF.
- Wind speed measurement error was reduced by approximately 35% using the proposed method.
- The system demonstrated superior robustness and linearity across a wide wind speed range (0-60 m/s).
Conclusions:
- The proposed system significantly enhances accuracy and environmental adaptability for ultrasonic wind speed measurements.
- This work provides a theoretical basis and engineering reference for precision instruments in meteorology and wind energy assessment.
