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Silicon Enhances Rice Tolerance to Drought and Blast Disease Through Modulating ROS Accumulation and Stress-Related

Huaying Du^1,2,3, Jinglin Pan^1,2, Lulu Sun^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|March 14, 2026

Summary

Silicon enhances rice (Oryza sativa L.) tolerance to drought and blast disease by regulating ABA signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. This beneficial element improves plant resistance through coordinated gene expression modulation.

Keywords:

ROS homeostasis blast disease drought rice silicon

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Area of Science:

Plant Science
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element for plants, enhancing resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses.
The precise molecular mechanisms underlying silicon's stress-tolerance effects in rice (Oryza sativa L.) are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which silicon enhances tolerance to drought and blast disease in rice.
To identify key genes and signaling pathways involved in silicon-mediated stress resistance.

Main Methods:

Hydroponic cultivation of rice with varying silicon concentrations (2-4 mM).
Assessment of tolerance to drought and blast disease.
Analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and root cell damage.
Gene expression analysis using quantitative PCR (qPCR) for ABA biosynthesis, stress-responsive, and defense-related genes.

Main Results:

Optimal Si concentration for enhanced stress tolerance was found to be 2-4 mM.
Silicon maintained ROS homeostasis and reduced root cell damage, improving drought and blast resistance.
Si upregulated ABA biosynthesis and signaling genes (e.g., OsNCED3, OsDREB2A, OsLEA5) and catalase (OsCatB), while suppressing OsWRKY5, indicating ABA-dependent drought tolerance.
Si activated defense-related genes (e.g., OsPBZ1, OsPR10a, OsPR5, OsWRKY45) and boosted ROS-scavenging capacity, enhancing blast resistance.

Conclusions:

Silicon enhances rice tolerance to drought and blast disease through a coordinated mechanism involving ABA signaling, ROS homeostasis, and stress-related gene expression.
The findings provide molecular insights into silicon's beneficial role in crop stress resilience.