[Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Evolution Characteristics and Driving Factors of Ecological Environment Quality in...

The evaluation of ecological environment quality and the analysis of the causes of ecological change are important aspects of regional ecological management. In this study, based on the factors of greenness (NDVI), humidity (WET), heat (LST), and dryness (NDBSI), the salinity index (SI) was introduced to build an improved ecological remote sensing index (MRSEI). The spatial and temporal distribution pattern and driving mechanism of eco-environmental quality in the Beibu Gulf port area from 2000 to 2024 were analyzed. The results showed as follows: ① From 2000 to 2024, the overall ecological environment quality in the study area showed a slow improvement trend, and the MRSEI grade was mainly in the middle level, with the average annual value ranging from 0.25 to 0.68, showing a spatial distribution pattern of high in the west and low in the east. ② There was a strong spatial autocorrelation of ecological environment quality in the study area. The spatial aggregation patterns were mainly H-H and L-L. The H-H gathering area was mainly forest land and mountain, and the L-L gathering area was mainly agricultural land and construction land. ③ In 2000-2024, the area of ecological environment quality improvement was significantly larger than the area of degradation, and the area of no significant improvement and significant degradation was the most extensive. The future change trend is mainly future degradation. ④ The ecological environment quality in the study area was influenced by both natural and human factors. Among them, the average annual temperature had the strongest explanatory power, followed by evapotranspiration, slope, distance to artificial surface, and NPP. The interaction of all factors increased to a certain extent, and the interaction effect of average annual temperature and evapotranspiration was the strongest.