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Allostatic Load in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
1School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders
|March 14, 2026
Summary
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists did not lower allostatic load in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients compared to other treatments. Further research is needed to understand GLP-1s
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Syndrome Research
- Public Health and Epidemiology
Background:
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are used to manage type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
- These agonists improve glycemic control and may influence stress regulation.
- Limited research exists on the impact of GLP-1s on allostatic load in T2DM patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare allostatic load in T2DM patients treated with GLP-1s against three control groups.
- Control groups include: individuals without T2DM, T2DM patients not on medication, and T2DM patients on non-GLP-1 medications.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 16,830 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2018).
- Allostatic load calculated using a 13-biomarker index (metabolic, autonomic, immune) and a modified score excluding HbA1c and insulin resistance.
- General linear regression models adjusted for sociodemographics, comorbidities, and health behaviors.
Main Results:
- T2DM patients on GLP-1s showed higher allostatic load than those without T2DM.
- No significant difference in allostatic load was found between GLP-1 treated T2DM patients and T2DM patients on other treatments or no medication.
- When excluding HbA1c and insulin resistance, allostatic load was comparable across all groups.
Conclusions:
- GLP-1 treatment was not associated with reduced allostatic load in T2DM patients compared to other regimens.
- Further longitudinal studies incorporating neuroendocrine measures are recommended to clarify GLP-1s' effects on stress regulation.
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