The association between sleep disturbance and stimulant use: A cross-lagged examination
Viviana E Horigian1, Renae D Schmidt1, Daniel J Feaster1
1Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Background And Aims:
Sleep disruptions increase the risk of substance misuse. Substance use-especially stimulants-can increase acute and chronic sleep dysfunction. This study aimed to estimate the associations between sleep disturbance and stimulant use over time among participants with stimulant use disorder (StUD).
Design:
In this secondary analysis, a Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model (RI-CLPM) was used to assess sleep disturbance and stimulant use over 8 weeks among participants with StUD.
Setting:
United States of America.
Participants:
The analysis included 793 participants with StUD enrolled across 3 randomized controlled trials in the National Institute on Drug Abuse's Clinical Trials Network (CTN): CTN-0037, CTN-0048 and CTN-0068.
Measurements:
Self-reported sleep disturbance was harmonized as a binary indicator across trial measures at each week. Stimulant use days per week were captured by Timeline Follow Back. Baseline covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, employment status, presence of depressive symptoms, any psychiatric history, treatment arm and trial.
Findings:
Sleep disturbance was associated with a higher average number of stimulant use days the following week [β = 0.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.09, 0.22, P < 0.001], and greater stimulant use was linked to increased odds of subsequent sleep disturbance (odds ratio = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.14, 1.26, P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
Higher-than-usual stimulant use appears to be associated with increased likelihood of sleep disturbance the following week, and vice versa.
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