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ADP-heptose/ALPK1 signaling pathway: Function, regulation, and involvement in diseases
Mengyang Li1, Xiao Zou1, Shan Zhai2
1Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
None:
Innate immunity serves as the first line of natural defense against pathogenic microbial infections in the host. During this process, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are responsible to initiate the innate immune response and trigger the subsequent adaptive immune response through activating pattern recognition receptors expressed by host cells. Adenosine diphosphate-heptose (ADP-heptose) is a core heptose metabolite involved in bacterial lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Recent studies have revealed that ADP-heptose, as a novel PAMP, specifically binds to alpha-protein kinase 1 (ALPK1) in host cells and activates the inflammatory signaling pathway. This mechanism plays a critical role in the development of various inflammatory diseases. This review introduced the recent advances on the ADP-heptose/ALPK1 signaling pathway and its relevance to various diseases.
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