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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Altered frontal and occipital cortical microstructure in obsessive-compulsive disorder - a multisite mega-analysis.

Anders Lillevik Thorsen1,2,3, Vilde Brecke4,5, Dag Alnæs6,7

  • 1Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. anders.lillevik.thorsen@helse-bergen.no.

Molecular Psychiatry
|March 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) shows altered cortical microstructure, specifically higher gray/white matter contrast (GWC) linked to myelination. These changes relate to gray matter structure and OCD symptom presentation.

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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuropsychiatry
  • Human Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Cortical morphology alterations are known in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • Intracortical myelination and its relation to cortical microstructure in OCD are underexplored.
  • Gray/white matter contrast (GWC) on T1-weighted MRI is a potential marker for intracortical myelination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate intracortical myelination differences in OCD using GWC.
  • To examine the relationship between GWC, gray matter macrostructure (RVI), and OCD.
  • To explore associations between GWC and clinical/demographic factors in OCD.

Main Methods:

  • Compared GWC patterns using independent component analysis in 454 adults with OCD and 394 healthy controls across eight international sites.
  • Assessed GWC association with the Regional Vulnerability Index (RVI) derived from ENIGMA-OCD gray matter morphology.
  • Investigated GWC correlations with demographic and clinical variables in the OCD group.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with OCD exhibited significantly higher GWC in occipital and frontal regions compared to controls.
  • Elevated OCD RVI in individuals with OCD correlated with widespread increases in GWC.
  • Higher GWC in frontal regions was associated with sexual/religious OCD symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides novel evidence of cortical microstructural alterations in OCD.
  • Cortical microstructural changes (GWC) are linked to both gray matter macrostructure and clinical presentation in OCD.
  • GWC serves as a promising neuroimaging marker for exploring cortical pathophysiology in OCD.