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A Dual Tracer PET-MRI Protocol for the Quantitative Measure of Regional Brain Energy Substrates Uptake in the Rat
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A reference-based PET/MRI method for quantifying activation-induced changes in cerebral oxygen metabolism.

Graham Deller1,2, Linshan Liu1, Justin W Hicks1,2

  • 1Lawson Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
|March 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The novel PMROx technique using hybrid PET/MRI non-invasively measures cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) with high reliability. This method successfully detected increased CMRO2 during functional brain activation, offering new insights into brain metabolism.

Keywords:
Blood oxygen level dependent imagingPET/MRIcerebral activationcerebral metabolic rate of oxygennon-invasive PET

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Metabolic Imaging
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) imaging is complex with PET.
  • Hybrid PET/MRI offers a potential solution for direct oxygen uptake measurement.
  • Existing methods lack the speed and non-invasiveness for dynamic studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability and sensitivity of the PMROx technique in humans.
  • To assess CMRO2 changes during functional brain activation.
  • To compare blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast with underlying CBF and CMRO2 changes.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous acquisition of [15O]O2-PET, ASL MRI for CBF, and MR-susceptometry for CMRO2.
  • PMROx technique applied to 14 healthy participants.
  • Functional activation task: sequential finger tapping.

Main Results:

  • PMROx demonstrated excellent within-session repeatability for CMRO2 measurements (3.2 ± 0.5 mLO2/100g/min).
  • Significant increases in CBF, CMRO2, and BOLD contrast were observed in sensorimotor areas during activation.
  • PET/MRI enabled direct comparison of BOLD signal with metabolic and perfusion changes.

Conclusions:

  • PMROx is a reliable and sensitive non-invasive method for imaging human CMRO2.
  • Hybrid PET/MRI facilitates the study of brain oxygen metabolism under various physiological conditions.
  • This technique provides a valuable tool for understanding neurovascular coupling.