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Related Concept Videos

Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis00:58

Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis

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The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
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Consensus Review of Perioperative Immune Modulation for Endovascular Thrombectomy Following Ischemic Stroke.

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Acute, not delayed, treatment of aflibercept enhances vessel density in post-ischemic brain and promotes long-term stroke recovery in obese mice.

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Obesity-induced Ly6C<sup>High</sup> and Ly6C<sup>Low</sup> monocyte subset changes abolish post-ischemic limb conditioning benefits in stroke recovery.

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Endothelial cell CD36 mediates stroke-induced brain injury via BBB dysfunction and monocyte infiltration in normal and obese conditions.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Quantification of Efferocytosis by Single-cell Fluorescence Microscopy
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Quantification of Efferocytosis by Single-cell Fluorescence Microscopy

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Efferocytosis: Gateway for tissue resolution.

Sunghee Cho1,2, Hyunwoo Ju1,2,3,4

  • 1Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, NY, USA.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
|March 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammation after CNS injury has a dual role. Enhancing efferocytosis, the clearance of dead cells by macrophages, offers a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases like stroke.

Keywords:
Pattern recognition receptorsphagocytesphenotype changesstroketissue clearance

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Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Central nervous system (CNS) injuries, like stroke, trigger complex inflammatory responses.
  • While inflammation correlates with stroke severity, anti-inflammatory drugs have shown limited efficacy.
  • Blocking inflammatory cell entry into the brain can impede recovery, revealing their crucial dual role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dual role of monocyte-derived macrophages (M-Mϕ) in CNS injury inflammation.
  • To explore the mechanism of efferocytosis in resolving inflammation.
  • To discuss enhancing efferocytosis as a therapeutic strategy for CNS inflammatory diseases, particularly cerebral ischemia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), macrophage phenotypes, and efferocytosis.
  • Analysis of the interplay between PRRs, cellular danger signals, and macrophage functional switching.
  • Examination of efferocytosis's role in initiating and resolving inflammatory responses.

Main Results:

  • Monocyte-derived macrophages (M-Mϕ) are essential for both initiating and resolving inflammation post-CNS injury.
  • Macrophage phenotypic plasticity, switching from inflammatory to pro-resolving, is key to resolution.
  • Efferocytosis, mediated by PRRs, is critical for triggering this pro-resolving shift.

Conclusions:

  • Macrophages exhibit crucial functional plasticity in CNS inflammatory diseases.
  • Continuous efferocytosis is vital for resolving inflammation.
  • Enhancing efferocytosis presents a promising therapeutic avenue for inflammatory conditions, especially cerebral ischemia.