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  1. Home
  3. Time-resolved Neutron Imaging For Hydrogen Uptake In Subsurface Lithologies.
  1. Home
  3. Time-resolved Neutron Imaging For Hydrogen Uptake In Subsurface Lithologies.

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Time-Resolved Neutron Imaging for Hydrogen Uptake in Subsurface Lithologies.

Prakash Purswani1, Bijay K C1,2, James Torres2

  • 1Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, United States.

Environmental Science & Technology Letters
|March 16, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neutron imaging visualizes real-time hydrogen migration in rocks, showing it infiltrates sandstone and limestone but avoids shale, except in fractures. This technique aids subsurface hydrogen storage research.

Keywords:
Geologic hydrogencomputed tomographyneutron transmission radiographyunderground hydrogen storage

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Subsurface Energy Storage
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Geologic hydrogen production and storage are vital for clean energy, but hydrogen's high diffusivity poses leakage risks.
  • Evaluating hydrogen transport in subsurface materials is crucial for safe and efficient storage.
  • Existing methods like X-ray microcomputed tomography (μCT) often require contrast agents or surrogate gases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the use of neutron transmission radiography/CT for real-time, in situ observation of hydrogen migration.
  • To investigate hydrogen transport behavior in common reservoir and caprock lithologies.
  • To establish neutron imaging as a viable tool for subsurface hydrogen research.

Main Methods:

  • Real-time neutron radiography and computed tomography (CT) were used to image hydrogen migration.
  • Cylindrical core samples of Indiana limestone, Amherst Gray sandstone, and Tumey shale were subjected to constant-pressure hydrogen charging.
  • Image subtraction techniques were employed for quantitative analysis of hydrogen distribution in sandstone.

    • Main Results:

    • Hydrogen rapidly infiltrated and distributed homogeneously within the pore structures of sandstone and limestone.
    • Hydrogen was largely excluded from the fine-grained shale matrix, with presence detected only in a localized fracture zone.
    • Distinct neutron imaging signatures of hydrogen were achieved even under low-pressure, single-phase conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Neutron imaging provides a powerful, non-invasive method for visualizing in situ hydrogen migration in diverse subsurface lithologies.
    • The findings highlight differential hydrogen transport behavior in reservoir rocks versus caprocks.
    • This research validates neutron imaging as a promising technique for advancing the understanding of subsurface hydrogen behavior and storage.