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CRISPR-cas9-Mediated Gene Editing to Reverse Oncogenic Mutations in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Minal Awinashe1, K Viswaja2, Abdul Wahab Pathath3
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
Introduction:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a genetically driven malignancy characterized by a high burden of oncogenic mutations that contribute to aggressive tumor behavior, therapeutic resistance, and poor survival outcomes. Conventional treatment modalities largely target downstream molecular pathways without correcting the underlying genetic aberrations, underscoring the need for precision-based therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and functional impact of CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing in reversing oncogenic mutations associated with OSCC using an in vitro experimental model.
Materials And Methods:
A controlled in vitro experimental study was conducted using the established human OSCC cell lines harboring mutations in key oncogenic genes. Cells were divided into control, mock-transfected, and CRISPR-Cas9-edited groups. Target-specific single-guide RNAs were designed to correct oncogenic mutations using advanced CRISPR-based editing platforms. Gene-editing efficiency was validated by molecular assays, while functional outcomes were assessed using cell proliferation analysis. Statistical evaluation was done using the one-way ANOVA with significance set at P < 0.05.
Results:
CRISPR-Cas9-edited OSCC cells demonstrated a significant reduction in cell proliferation compared to control and mock-transfected groups ( P < 0.001). No significant variation was found between control and mock-transfected cells, confirming minimal procedural influence.
Conclusion:
CRISPR-Cas9-mediated correction of oncogenic mutations effectively suppresses malignant cellular proliferation in OSCC, highlighting its promising role as a precision therapeutic strategy in oral cancer management.
Insights
CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing significantly reduced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell proliferation by correcting oncogenic mutations. This precision therapy shows promise for oral cancer management.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is driven by oncogenic mutations, leading to aggressive behavior and poor outcomes.
- Current treatments often fail to address the root genetic causes of OSCC.
- There is a critical need for precision-based therapeutic strategies targeting genetic aberrations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the feasibility of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in correcting OSCC-associated oncogenic mutations.
- To assess the functional impact of CRISPR-Cas9 editing on OSCC cell proliferation in vitro.
Main Methods:
- Utilized human OSCC cell lines with known oncogenic mutations.
- Employed CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing with specific single-guide RNAs to correct mutations.
- Validated editing efficiency via molecular assays and assessed proliferation using cell proliferation analysis.
Main Results:
- CRISPR-Cas9 editing significantly reduced OSCC cell proliferation compared to control groups (P < 0.001).
- Mock-transfected cells showed no significant difference from control cells, indicating minimal procedural effects.
Conclusions:
- CRISPR-Cas9-mediated correction of oncogenic mutations effectively suppresses malignant cell proliferation in OSCC.
- This approach represents a promising precision therapeutic strategy for managing oral cancer.
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