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Night Vision Goggles: Influence on Cognition, Gait, and Tactical Tasks.

Rachel M Rauth1, Joshua R Thompson1, Matthew D Segovia1

  • 1Human & Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Baylor University, Waco, TX.

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PubMed
Summary

Night vision goggles (NVGs) impair marksmanship and alter gait biomechanics by affecting vision and increasing metabolic demand. This research investigated these effects on warfighter performance and safety.

Keywords:
biomechanicscognitive assessmentfunctional near-infrared spectroscopynight vision gogglestactical performance

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Area of Science:

  • Military science
  • Human factors engineering
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Night vision goggles (NVGs) provide tactical advantages in low-light conditions.
  • However, NVG use can degrade visual acuity, depth perception, and color discrimination, potentially impacting warfighter safety and performance.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for optimizing operational readiness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biomechanical effects of NVG use during an obstacle clearance course.
  • To assess changes in prefrontal cortex (PFC) regional oxygen saturation (rScO2) during marksmanship and cognitive tasks with and without NVGs.
  • To evaluate the impact of NVGs on warfighter performance and safety.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve participants completed an obstacle avoidance course with and without NVGs.
  • Gait patterns, marksmanship, cognitive performance, and PFC rScO2 were recorded during the course.
  • Tasks included pistol marksmanship, cognitive assessments, and navigating ground obstacles.

Main Results:

  • Marksmanship performance decreased by 58.2% with NVG use (P<.01).
  • Gait analysis revealed increased toe clearance (32.2%), decreased toe velocity (20.5%), and increased ankle dorsiflexion (24.0%) with NVGs (P<.01).
  • Significant reductions in PFC rScO2 were observed during marksmanship and cognitive tasks when using NVGs (P<.01).

Conclusions:

  • Performance decrements in marksmanship and altered gait patterns are likely due to changes in visual perception and increased metabolic demand.
  • NVG use may increase the risk of musculoskeletal injuries.
  • Optimized NVG training could potentially mitigate risks and enhance operational performance.