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Goal-Oriented Attentional Self-Regulation Training Improves Executive Function and Complex Attention in Veterans With

Rachel Santiago1, Maria Kryza-Lacombe2,3, Jillian Tessier1

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Goal-Oriented Attentional Self-Regulation (GOALS) training significantly improved cognitive and emotional functioning in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This cognitive rehabilitation enhanced executive functions, attention, and overall functional performance.

Keywords:
Clinical trialComplex attentionExecutive functionMild traumatic brain injuryVeterans

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common injury with persistent cognitive, physical, and emotional effects.
  • Executive control deficits are frequently observed following mTBI.
  • Goal-Oriented Attentional Self-Regulation (GOALS) is a cognitive rehabilitation intervention targeting these difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of GOALS training in veterans with a history of mTBI.
  • To assess improvements in executive function, attention, and emotional regulation post-intervention.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 32 veterans with mTBI.
  • Participants were assigned to either GOALS training or an active control (Brain Health Education).
  • Assessments included neuropsychological tests, functional task performance, and self-report measures.

Main Results:

  • GOALS training led to significant improvements in attention/executive function, working memory, sustained attention, and inhibition.
  • Complex functional abilities also showed significant improvement.
  • A notable decrease in post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms was observed.

Conclusions:

  • GOALS training is effective in enhancing cognitive and functional performance in veterans with mTBI.
  • Improvements in executive functions correlate with better emotional regulation and functional outcomes.
  • This intervention is highly relevant for veterans experiencing mTBI with co-occurring psychiatric conditions.