Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Motion of a Projectile

Motion of a Projectile

Projectile motion becomes evident when a player kicks the ball into the air. The launch angle, or the angle at which the ball is kicked, plays a crucial role in determining the trajectory of the projectile. As the ball soars through the air, influenced solely by gravity, its motion can be dissected into two independent velocity components: the horizontal and the vertical.
Horizontal motion, governed by the initial kick, maintains a constant velocity throughout the flight of the soccer ball.

Social Facilitation

Social Facilitation

Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.

Standard Deviation

Standard Deviation

The most commonly used measure of variation is the standard deviation. It is a numerical value measuring how far data values are from their mean. The standard deviation value is small when the data are concentrated close to the mean, exhibiting slight variation or spread. The standard deviation value is never negative, it is either positive or zero. The standard deviation is larger when the data values are more spread out from the mean, which means the data values are exhibiting more variation.

Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs

Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs

The Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched pairs evaluates the null hypothesis by combining the ranks of differences with their signs. It essentially tests whether the median of the differences in a population of matched pairs is zero. Since the test incorporates more information than the sign test, it generally yields more trustable conclusions. This test also does not require the data to follow a normal distribution, but two conditions must be met for it to be applicable: (1) the data must...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Relationship between nutritional adequacy and anthropometric profile characteristics according to playing position in professional female soccer players: a cross-sectional study.

BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation·2026

Same author

The Role of Instructional Constraints Performed by Coaches on Tactical Behavior of Soccer Players: A Systematic Review.

Journal of human kinetics·2026

Same author

Contextual Factors and Running Demands in Elite Female Soccer: A Comparison Between Starters and Non-Starters.

Research quarterly for exercise and sport·2025

Same author

Footwear technology, running outputs, and technical performance in soccer match-play.

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)·2024

Same author

Influence of contextual factors on match running performance of starters and non-starters in elite youth male soccer players.

Science progress·2024

Same author

Impact of Complete Intermittent Blood Flow Restriction in Upper Limbs Strength and Neural Function.

Research quarterly for exercise and sport·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players

Published on: June 10, 2025

Positional and Temporal Variability of Match Running Performance in Elite Women's Soccer.

Luiz Guilherme Gonçalves¹, Paulo Roberto Sandi², Ronaldo Kobal³

¹Federal University of Espírito Santo.

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

|March 16, 2026

Summary

Elite female soccer players exhibit distinct physical demands based on position, with performance declining in the second half. Training and periodization should be individualized for optimal performance.

Keywords:

Association football female team sports match analysis physical demands

More Related Videos

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Published on: April 4, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players

Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players

Published on: June 10, 2025

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Published on: April 4, 2025

Area of Science:

Sports Science
Biomechanics
Exercise Physiology

Background:

Understanding the physical demands on elite female soccer players is crucial for optimizing training and performance.
Previous research has primarily focused on male athletes, leaving a gap in knowledge regarding female players' specific physiological outputs.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize physical output during matches in elite women's soccer.
To compare running performance across qualification phases, playing positions, and halves.
To assess match-to-match variability in physical performance.

Main Methods:

Global Positioning System (GPS) and accelerometry data were collected from 67 elite female players across four professional teams.
Data encompassed 345 individual match observations during the 2024 Brazilian Women's First Division League season.
Analysis focused on total distance, high-speed running, sprinting, top speed, acceleration, and deceleration, stratified by playing position and match half.

Main Results:

Players averaged 9138 meters per match, with high-speed running and sprinting constituting approximately 4% of total distance.
Central midfielders and external defenders exhibited higher total distance, high-speed running, and PlayerLoad.
Forwards achieved higher top speeds and more acceleration/deceleration efforts, while match performance generally declined in the second half, except for sprinting.

Conclusions:

Significant differences in physical demands exist between playing positions in elite women's soccer.
Match-to-match variability in high-speed running and sprinting was substantial, particularly for defenders.
Findings support the implementation of individualized training programs and context-specific periodization for elite female soccer players.