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Phenotyping by Molecular Mobility: Low-Affinity Reversible Probes Enable Characterizing and Classifying Cells

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We developed a super-resolution method to analyze cell membrane receptor mobility for functional cell phenotyping. This technique uses novel probes to track receptors in live cells, revealing distinct mobility patterns that reflect cell type differences.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • Cell surface receptors are crucial for cellular functions and vary across cell types.
  • Understanding receptor behavior is key to differentiating cell functions and pathogenicity.
  • Existing methods often require genetic modification or labeling, perturbing native cell states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a super-resolution method for functional cell phenotyping using single-molecule analysis of membrane receptor mobility.
  • To enable the study of endogenous receptors in unperturbed live cells.
  • To establish a workflow for cell phenotyping based on receptor mobility patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Development of nanofitin-based low-affinity probes for selective, reversible binding to target receptors.
  • Single-molecule tracking and analysis of membrane receptor mobility in live cells.
  • Integration with super-resolution microscopy (Point Accumulation for Imaging in Nanoscale Topography) and AI-driven classification.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that identical receptors exhibit distinct mobility patterns across different cell types.
  • Showcased the ability to detect, count, and track individual endogenous receptors without genetic modification or labeling.
  • Validated the method for functional phenotyping of cell populations based on receptor mobility.

Conclusions:

  • The presented super-resolution method provides a powerful tool for functional cell phenotyping.
  • Analysis of membrane receptor mobility offers insights into underlying physiological differences between cell types.
  • This approach allows for the study of endogenous biomolecules in their native cellular environment.