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Urinary Bladder

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Published on: August 9, 2012

Implantable soft bladder-machine interface for neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

Hanfei Li^1,2,3, Shuai Wang^4,5, Qianhengyuan Yu¹

¹Neural Engineering Centre, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.

Nature Communications

|March 17, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new soft bladder-machine interface (BdMI) monitors and stimulates the bladder, overcoming challenges of large bladder expansion. This implantable device shows promise for treating neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

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Published on: August 9, 2012

A Decentralized Ex Vivo Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling

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Published on: November 28, 2019

Autonomous and Rechargeable Microneurostimulator Endoscopically Implantable into the Submucosa

Autonomous and Rechargeable Microneurostimulator Endoscopically Implantable into the Submucosa

Published on: September 27, 2018

Area of Science:

Bioelectronic devices
Biomedical engineering
Urology

Background:

Neurogenic bladder dysfunction causes significant renal complications due to impaired bladder sensation and contraction.
The bladder's substantial isotropic expansion presents a major obstacle for developing implantable bioelectronic devices for monitoring and electrical stimulation.
Existing technologies struggle to accommodate the dynamic changes in bladder volume.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel implantable soft bladder-machine interface (BdMI) capable of seamless integration with the bladder.
To enable real-time monitoring and electrical stimulation for managing neurogenic bladder dysfunction.
To overcome the limitations imposed by the bladder's isotropic expansion on device functionality.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a conductive thin film BdMI with exceptional stretchability (up to 800%) without substrate pre-stretching.
Elucidation of the BdMI's stretchability mechanism.
In vivo validation in rat models for simultaneous intravesical pressure detection, detrusor electromyography monitoring, and electrical stimulation therapy.

Main Results:

The developed BdMI demonstrates robust functionality under extreme isotropic stretch.
The device was successfully implanted for 7 days, operating efficiently.
Electrical stimulation therapy via the BdMI significantly reduced the frequency of involuntary bladder contractions.

Conclusions:

The soft BdMI represents a significant advancement for implantable bioelectronic devices in urology.
It offers real-time physiological feedback and effective electrical stimulation-based regulation for neurogenic bladder.
This technology holds potential for improving management strategies for neurogenic bladder pathologies.