Augmentation Mastopexy Using a Submuscular Inferior Pectoralis Muscle Sling: An Outcome Analysis of Breast Animation...

Area of Science:

• Plastic Surgery
• Aesthetic Surgery
• Breast Reconstruction

Background:

• Submuscular augmentation mastopexy (AM) is frequently recommended for improved implant stability and reduced visibility.
• However, this technique carries a risk of breast animation deformities, with limited objective data available to assess this outcome.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantitatively evaluate animation deformities after augmentation mastopexy using the inferior pectoralis muscle flap technique.
• To identify factors influencing animation outcomes, including nipple (ND) and inframammary fold (IMFD) displacement, and lower pole contour distortion.

Main Methods:

• Quantitative data on breast animation, ND and IMFD displacement, nipple displacement angle, and lower pole contour were collected.
• Measurements were taken with the pectoralis muscle relaxed and contracted.
• Animation was clinically assessed using a 4-point scale in 134 patients (268 breasts).

Main Results:

• Mean ND was 1.51cm and IMFD was 1.49cm.
• Secondary surgeries were associated with higher ND (1.98cm) and IMFD (1.94cm), and more frequent lower pole contour deformities (p<0.05).
• Age >30 and BMI >18 were significantly associated with ND (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

• This study provides the first quantitative evaluation of animation deformities in augmentation mastopexy.
• The pectoralis muscle flap technique can effectively address ptosis and implant malposition.
• Patients undergoing secondary augmentation mastopexy face a higher risk of animation deformities.