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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Author Spotlight: Efficient CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages for Precise Gene Disruption
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Calcium Shock Enables Efficient and Programmable Particle Delivery for Genome Editing Applications.

Nicole Vo1,2,3, Lorena de Oñate4, Maximillian Frank1,2,3,5

  • 1Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|March 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calcium shock (CaSh) enhances particle delivery into cells and organoids, improving genome editing efficiency. CaSh-Pro enables targeted delivery to specific cell types, advancing biological discovery and therapeutics.

Keywords:
CRISPRRNPamphiphilic peptidescell‐cell junctionshuman organoids

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Traditional intracellular delivery methods like transfection and transduction show limitations in efficiency, especially with confluent cells and organoids.
  • These methods often lack the cell type-specific programmability required for complex biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel methodology, calcium shock (CaSh), for enhanced intracellular particle delivery.
  • To develop a programmable version, CaSh-Pro, for targeted delivery into specific cell types within heterogeneous populations.

Main Methods:

  • Calcium shock (CaSh) was employed to increase endocytotic uptake and disrupt cell-cell junctions, facilitating particle entry.
  • CaSh-Pro integrated molecular targeting agents and amphiphilic peptides for cell-specific delivery and editing.
  • The method was tested for delivery of plasmids, ribonucleoproteins, and adeno-associated viral vectors into diverse organoid models.

Main Results:

  • CaSh significantly improved particle delivery into single cells, colonies, and organoids.
  • CaSh-Pro demonstrated programmable delivery and preferential editing of specific cell types within heterocellular populations.
  • The CaSh method showed minimal toxicity and enhanced expression of various genetic materials in intact organoids.

Conclusions:

  • CaSh and CaSh-Pro offer simple, versatile protocols for efficient genome editing in complex cellular systems.
  • These novel methods hold significant potential for advancing biological discovery and therapeutic development.
  • The enhanced delivery and programmability open new avenues for genetic manipulation in diverse cell lineages.