Amantadine Enhances IL-10 Expressions to Maintain the Renal Functions Against Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via...

This study aimed to show the beneficial effects of amantadine (AMA), used in antiviral medication and Parkinson's therapy, on the inflammatory response and apoptosis in a model of systemic inflammation induced renal damage by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Thirty-two wistar albino rats were divided into four equal groups: control, LPS (5 mg/kg), LPS + AMA (45 mg/kg) and AMA groups. Both drugs were administered intraperitoneally on the same day with a single dose. The rats were sacrificed 6 h after LPS administration. Renal tissues were collected for histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical and genetic analyses.

Histopathological evaluation revealed a significant increase in all parameters (histological score, hyperemia, hemorrhage, inflammatory infiltration and degeneration/necrosis) in the LPS group compared to the control group (p < 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). Dunn's post-hoc analysis showed that AMA treatment (LPS+AMA group) significantly reduced these increases. In the group treated with AMA alone, similar histological integrity was maintained compared to the control group.

In this study, AMA treatment exhibited anti-inflammatory effects on kidney tissue via several different mechanisms. However, additional studies with varied doses and durations of AMA treatment, involving different pathways and detailed analyses, are necessary.