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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

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Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
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Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

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Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
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Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

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Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II  is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction....
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Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

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Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
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Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

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Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
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Single Cell Durotaxis Assay for Assessing Mechanical Control of Cellular Movement and Related Signaling Events
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Nudging cell migration from within through microrod-induced morphological deformation.

Masayuki Hayakawa1, Tatsuya Tanaka2, Hiroaki Suzuki2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan. hayakawa@kit.ac.jp.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers can now control cell migration by inducing internal cell deformation. This method uses internalized microrods to elongate cells, guiding their movement and enhancing directional persistence for bioengineering applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Bioengineering

Background:

  • Cell migration is crucial for development, wound healing, and cancer metastasis.
  • Self-propelled cells offer potential as microscale agents in bioengineering.
  • Current methods for controlling cell migration often rely on external interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for controlling cell migration by inducing internal cell deformation.
  • To investigate the effect of internalized microrods on cell morphology and migration behavior.
  • To establish a new framework for modulating cell migration for biohybrid systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized *Dictyostelium discoideum* as a model organism.
  • Introduced glass microrods into cells for internal deformation.
  • Observed and analyzed cell migration patterns and directional persistence.

Main Results:

  • Glass microrods were successfully internalized by the cells.
  • Internalized microrods caused cells to elongate along the rod's axis.
  • Elongated cells exhibited enhanced directional persistence, migrating along their long axis.
  • This internal deformation method offers autonomous control over cell migration.

Conclusions:

  • Internal cell deformation provides an effective strategy for controlling cell migration.
  • This approach bypasses the need for external cues or patterned environments.
  • The findings lay the groundwork for developing biohybrid systems using cells as self-propelled carriers.