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Mixed-Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks for Near-Infrared-I Bioimaging and Near-Infrared-III Four-Photon
Xiaolin Yu1, Zixuan Zhou1, Nikolaj Zhestkij2
1China-Russia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Chemistry and Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 17, 2026
Summary
This study introduces novel lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) with enhanced stability and multicolor upconversion luminescence. These advanced Ln-MOFs are effective for bioimaging and enable new excitation possibilities in the NIR-III window.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Photochemistry
Background:
- Lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) are promising for luminescence applications.
- Current Ln-MOFs face challenges in stability, color tuning, and NIR-III excitation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop Ln-MOFs with improved structural stability and broader excitation capabilities.
- To engineer multicolor upconversion luminescence for bioimaging and nonlinear photonics.
Main Methods:
- Synthesized a MOF incorporating mixed Yb3+, Tb3+, and Eu3+ ions.
- Utilized ether-containing organic linkers for enhanced stability.
- Investigated upconversion luminescence under NIR-I (980 nm) and NIR-III (1960 nm) excitation.
Main Results:
- Achieved tunable multicolor upconversion emission with high hydrolytic stability and biocompatibility.
- Demonstrated reliable in vivo imaging in zebrafish models.
- Observed a four-photon upconversion process under NIR-III excitation for the first time in Ln-MOFs.
Conclusions:
- Structurally programmable Ln-MOFs offer enhanced stability and expanded excitation from NIR-I to NIR-III.
- These materials show significant potential for advanced bioimaging and nonlinear photonic applications.
