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Related Concept Videos

Acne Infection01:27

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Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
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The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Intense Pulsed Light for the Treatment of Dry Eye Owing to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
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Isotretinoin-Induced Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: Rationale for Proactive Clinical Surveillance.

Juan J Prados-Carmona1,2, Álvaro Prados-Carmona3,4, Álvaro Sánchez-Ventosa1

  • 1Department of Anterior Segment, Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Hospital Arruzafa, Cordoba, Spain.

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|March 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Isotretinoin can cause Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) by impairing gland function, leading to dry eye. Current guidelines lack ophthalmologic screening, risking irreversible damage; infrared meibography may help monitor MGD.

Keywords:
Meibomian gland dysfunctiondry eyeisotretinoinmeibographyocular surface disease

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Isotretinoin is a widely used acne medication.
  • It is known to cause ocular side effects, including dry eye.
  • Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a significant ocular complication associated with isotretinoin therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize evidence on isotretinoin-induced MGD.
  • To explore its mechanisms, clinical features, risk factors, and management.
  • To assess the need for updated screening recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted in November 2025.
  • Databases searched included Semantic Scholar and PubMed.
  • 53 studies were selected based on predefined quality standards.

Main Results:

  • Isotretinoin suppresses PPARγ signalling, causing reduced lipid secretion, inflammation, and atrophy of Meibomian glands.
  • Risk factors include prolonged use, high doses, and pre-existing ocular conditions.
  • Clinical manifestations vary from mild dry eye to severe ocular surface damage.

Conclusions:

  • Isotretinoin-induced MGD is underrecognized and can lead to irreversible gland damage.
  • Current guidelines lack ophthalmologic screening, leaving patients vulnerable.
  • Infrared meibography shows promise for monitoring MGD and guiding early intervention.