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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
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Optineurin calibrates STING-mediated type I interferon response.

Sreeram Kaveti1,2, Nishant Jain1,2

  • 1Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.

The FEBS Journal
|March 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optineurin (OPTN) calibrates the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, which is crucial for type I interferon responses. This study reveals OPTN

Keywords:
STINGTBK1diABZIoptineurinpSTING‐S‐366type I IFN response

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) detects cytosolic DNA, producing cGAMP that activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING).
  • STING activation leads to type I interferon (IFN) production, a critical immune response.
  • Optineurin (OPTN) is an adaptor protein involved in various cellular processes, including immune signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Optineurin (OPTN) in STING-mediated type I interferon (IFN) responses.
  • To determine if OPTN is necessary for STING to mediate type I IFN production.
  • To elucidate the interaction between STING and OPTN.

Main Methods:

  • Examined STING-mediated type I IFN response in human and mouse cells with modulated OPTN levels.
  • Investigated STING-OPTN binding interactions.
  • Assessed the engagement of OPTN with STING and TBK1.

Main Results:

  • Modulating OPTN levels significantly altered STING-mediated type I IFN responses.
  • The N-terminal domain of STING directly binds to the C-terminal ubiquitin-binding domain of OPTN.
  • OPTN was found to engage with both STING and TBK1, suggesting a role in the signaling complex.

Conclusions:

  • Optineurin (OPTN) plays a crucial role in calibrating the STING-mediated type I interferon (IFN) response.
  • OPTN acts as a scaffold, bringing together STING and TBK1 to regulate IFN production.
  • Targeting the STING-OPTN interaction could offer therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases.