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178  mJ single-frequency nanosecond Tm,Ho:YAG amplifier.

Zhi-Min Wang, Tian-Hao Lv, Yi-Xuan Zhang

    Applied Optics
    |March 17, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    A high-energy Tm, Ho:YAG laser at 2.09 µm was developed. This master oscillator and power amplifier (MOPA) system achieved 178 mJ single-frequency output, demonstrating its potential for advanced laser applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Laser Physics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Thulium and Holmium-codoped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Tm,Ho:YAG) lasers are crucial for generating radiation at 2.09 µm.
    • Developing high-energy, single-frequency nanosecond lasers is essential for various scientific and industrial applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a high-energy, single-frequency nanosecond diode-side-pumped Tm,Ho:YAG laser.
    • To design and implement a Master Oscillator and Power Amplifier (MOPA) system for enhanced laser performance.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a diode side-pumping technique for efficient energy transfer.
    • Implemented a MOPA configuration comprising a single-frequency seed source, an injection-amplifier with a folded "twisted-mode" cavity, and a two-stage amplifier.
    • Employed a heterodyne beating technique for precise linewidth measurement.

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    Main Results:

    • Achieved a maximum single-frequency output energy of 178 mJ.
    • Delivered pulses with a pulse width of 235.4 ns at a pulse repetition rate (PRR) of 5 Hz.
    • Measured a narrow linewidth of 2.79 MHz and excellent beam quality with M² factors of 1.72 (x-direction) and 1.67 (y-direction).

    Conclusions:

    • Successfully demonstrated a high-energy, single-frequency nanosecond Tm,Ho:YAG laser operating at 2.09 µm.
    • The MOPA system design enabled efficient amplification and high output energy.
    • The achieved performance metrics indicate suitability for applications requiring high-power, narrow-linewidth laser sources.