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Related Experiment Video

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Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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Fast calibration algorithm for output beams in optical waveguide phased arrays using the rotating electric field

Xuelian Liu, Haonan Sun, Jinyang Yu

    Applied Optics
    |March 17, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new algorithm rapidly calibrates optical waveguide phased arrays for LiDAR systems. This method improves beam quality and calibration speed, enhancing LiDAR performance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Integrated Optics
    • LiDAR Technology

    Background:

    • Higher spatial resolution in LiDAR demands larger array scales in optical waveguide phased array chips.
    • Current phase calibration methods for these arrays are inefficient and compromise beam quality.
    • Expanding array scale increases calibration complexity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a fast and efficient phase calibration algorithm for one-dimensional optical waveguide phased arrays.
    • To improve beam quality and calibration speed compared to conventional methods.
    • To address the limitations of existing calibration techniques for large-scale phased arrays.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of output optical field characteristics of a one-dimensional optical waveguide phased array.
    • Proposal of a fast calibration algorithm utilizing a fitted rotating electric field vector.
    • Application of specific phase modulation to each channel and fitting output light intensity variations to determine optimal phase.

    Main Results:

    • For N=512, the fitted rotating electric field vector algorithm improved side lobe suppression ratio by 2.9% compared to stochastic parallel gradient descent.
    • The proposed algorithm reduced algorithm runtime by 70% for N=512.
    • Demonstrated enhancement in calibration speed and beam quality optimization.

    Conclusions:

    • The fitted rotating electric field vector algorithm offers significant improvements in calibration efficiency and beam quality for optical waveguide phased arrays.
    • This method enhances LiDAR system performance by enabling faster and more accurate beam steering.
    • The algorithm successfully addresses the challenges posed by large-scale phased array calibration.