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Optical polarization multiplexing-based integrated sensing and communication system on optical fiber
Applied Optics
|March 17, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a novel fiber-based integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system using polarization multiplexing. The system achieves high-speed communication and precise fiber sensing simultaneously with reduced complexity and cost.
Area of Science:
- Optical Engineering
- Telecommunications
- Sensing Technology
Background:
- Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems offer combined functionalities.
- Existing ISAC systems face challenges with signal interference and resource contention.
- Fiber-optic systems are crucial for high-speed data transmission.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a novel fiber-based ISAC system utilizing polarization multiplexing.
- To enable simultaneous high-speed communication and high-resolution fiber sensing.
- To reduce implementation complexity and cost for ISAC on optical fiber (ISAC-OF) systems.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing orthogonal polarization states for independent communication and sensing signals.
- Integrating Intensity Modulation Direct Detection (IMDD) with Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR).
- Employing a one-time polarization state calibration at the communication receiver.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated a data rate of 25 Gbps over 20 km of standard single-mode fiber.
- Achieved a sensing resolution better than 20 cm.
- Obtained a maximum reflection localization error of 3 cm.
Conclusions:
- The proposed polarization-multiplexed ISAC-OF system effectively reduces interference.
- The system integrates high-speed communication and high-resolution sensing without time-domain contention.
- The simplified receiver architecture significantly lowers deployment costs.
