Design of a compact wide-angle lens based on a folded optical path

To meet the requirements for wide-angle lenses with a wide operating temperature range, high imaging quality, and a compact structure, this study presents a miniaturized wide-angle lens design based on a folded optical path. The optimized system employs a five-lens configuration. Simulation results show that the design achieves an overall optical length of less than 8 mm and a field of view of 170°. At the Nyquist frequency, the modulation transfer function exceeds 0.3 across the full field, with maximum distortion below 25%, while maintaining stable performance over a temperature range from -60^∘C to 85°C. Thermal and tolerance analyses confirm the robustness and practicality of the design. This work provides a valuable reference for the miniaturization of wide-angle lenses.