Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 19, 2026
05:54
Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla
Published on: October 18, 2021
2.4K
Treatment Complications Analysis of Zygomatic Complex Fractures: A Retrospective Study
Yanhang Tong1, Bimeng Jie, Yi Zhang
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|March 17, 2026
Summary
Identifying factors associated with zygomatic complex fracture (ZCF) complications is crucial. Comminuted fractures, old injuries, orbital floor defects, and poor adherence to open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) principles independently predict complications.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Trauma Surgery
- Plastic Surgery
Background:
- Zygomatic complex fractures (ZCF) are common facial injuries.
- Treatment complications can significantly impact patient outcomes.
- Evidence-based guidance for managing ZCF is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify clinical and radiologic factors associated with treatment complications in ZCF.
- To provide data-driven insights for optimizing ZCF management.
- To reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes following ZCF treatment.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of clinical records, CT scans, and follow-up data from 686 ZCF patients (2013-2022).
- Statistical analysis including univariate and multivariate logistic regression to identify predictors of complications.
- Extraction of key clinical features based on prior epidemiological studies.
Main Results:
- Complications occurred in 23.18% of patients, with facial asymmetry, enophthalmos, and infraorbital nerve injury being most common.
- Univariate analysis revealed injury duration, fracture type, concomitant fractures, orbital floor defects, soft tissue injuries, treatment modality, surgical approach, fixation details, and ORIF principle adherence as significant factors.
- Multivariate analysis identified comminuted fractures, old fractures, orbital floor defects, and ORIF principle adherence as independent predictors of complications.
Conclusions:
- Injury duration, fracture complexity, associated injuries, treatment methods, surgical approach, and fixation strategies significantly influence ZCF complication rates.
- Comminuted fractures, pre-existing fractures, orbital floor involvement, and deviation from ORIF principles are key independent predictors of complications.
- Comprehensive evaluation, accurate classification, and precise surgical management are essential for minimizing complications and improving outcomes in ZCF patients.
