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Changes in the Geniohyoid Muscle Before and After Orthognathic Surgery: Retrospective Study
Riku Kohara1, Akinori Moroi, Karen Gomi
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|March 17, 2026
Summary
Orthognathic surgery, including sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO), significantly alters geniohyoid muscle morphology. Post-surgery measurements showed increased geniohyoid area, length, and CT values in female patients.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Radiology
Background:
- Orthognathic surgery corrects jaw deformities.
- The geniohyoid muscle's response to such surgery is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare geniohyoid muscle changes before and after orthognathic surgery.
- To evaluate the impact of sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) on geniohyoid muscle morphology.
Main Methods:
- Ninety patients undergoing orthognathic surgery, including SSRO, were analyzed.
- Computed tomography (CT) and cephalometric analyses were performed pre- and post-surgery (1 year).
- Geniohyoid muscle length, height, cross-sectional area, and CT values were measured.
Main Results:
- Significant increases in geniohyoid muscle area (P=0.020), length (P=0.047), and CT values (P=0.007) were observed post-surgery in the female SSRO advance group.
- These changes indicate alterations in muscle morphology and tissue composition.
Conclusions:
- Orthognathic surgery, specifically SSRO, influences geniohyoid muscle morphology.
- The study highlights changes in CT values, suggesting alterations in muscle composition post-surgery.
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