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Related Concept Videos

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
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In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
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Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections

Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
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Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices

Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
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Methods for Intravenous Self Administration in a Mouse Model
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Published on: December 8, 2012

Violence Against Women Who Inject Drugs.

Samantha Colledge-Frisby1,2, Shelly Walker1,2, Anna Lee Wilkinson2,3,4

  • 1National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne, Australia.

JAMA Network Open
|March 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Violence against women who inject drugs in Australia is widespread, with over 80% experiencing assault. Healthcare seeking remains low due to stigma and distrust, highlighting the need for tailored support.

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05:17

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Published on: April 23, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Women who inject drugs (WIID) experience disproportionately high rates of violence.
  • Interventions and policies often overlook the unique needs and experiences of WIID.
  • Understanding the prevalence and context of violence is crucial for effective support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify and contextualize the experiences of violence among Australian women who inject drugs.
  • To explore barriers faced by WIID when seeking healthcare after experiencing violence.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods longitudinal cohort study (SuperMIX) in Australia.
  • Linked self-reported survey data (2008-2019) with administrative health records.
  • Conducted qualitative interviews with 10 WIID to explore violence and service access.

Main Results:

  • 82% of 431 WIID experienced assault; 38% experienced sexual assault.
  • Significant rates of assault-related hospital admissions (19%), ED presentations (23%), and ambulance attendances (17%).
  • Only 31% of reported assaults led to seeking healthcare, with stigma, fear, and distrust identified as key barriers.

Conclusions:

  • Violence is pervasive and severe among Australian WIID.
  • Structural and social barriers significantly impede healthcare seeking for violence.
  • Recognizing the burden of violence is essential for developing targeted interventions for this marginalized group.