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Associations Between Social Insurance Literacy and Perceived Justice and Perceived Fairness in a Work Disability

Dirk Vervenne1,2,3, Sandra Brouwer4,5, Manon Ziech4,5,6

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System comprehensibility, not individual abilities, significantly impacts perceived justice and fairness in social insurance. Enhancing system clarity can improve applicant experiences with work disability benefits.

Keywords:
ComprehensibilityPerceived fairnessPerceived justiceSocial insurance literacySocial securityWork disability

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Public Policy
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Social insurance systems rely on applicant characteristics and system design for successful outcomes.
  • Social insurance literacy (SIL) involves an individual's knowledge and abilities interacting with system comprehensibility.
  • Limited SIL can negatively affect perceptions of justice and fairness among benefit applicants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between social insurance literacy (SIL) and perceived justice and fairness.
  • To assess how different domains of SIL (obtain, understand, act, system comprehensibility) associate with applicant perceptions.
  • To understand factors influencing the experience of clients applying for work disability benefits.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was conducted with work disability benefit applicants in the Dutch social insurance system.
  • Data collected included four domains of SIL and measures of perceived justice and fairness.
  • Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to examine associations between SIL domains and perceptions.

Main Results:

  • Clients' ability to act on information was linked to perceived justice (B=0.26).
  • System comprehensibility showed significant associations with both perceived fairness (B=0.57) and justice (B=0.72).
  • No significant associations were found for the ability to obtain or understand information domains.

Conclusions:

  • System comprehensibility is a stronger predictor of perceived justice and fairness than individual SIL domains.
  • Improving the clarity and accessibility of social insurance information may enhance applicant perceptions.
  • Strategies focusing on system design can positively influence the experience of work disability benefit applicants.