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Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Trace Ru-doped NiCo2S4 nanorods as highly efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst.

Ge Gao1, Bin Zhao1, Jiayu Huang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon-based Energy Resources, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|March 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Ruthenium-doped NiCo2S4 nanorod catalysts show high activity and stability for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysis. This cost-effective approach utilizes trace doping to create sulfur vacancies, enhancing water splitting efficiency.

Keywords:
ElectrocatalystsHydrogen evolution reactionNanoarrayRu dopingVacancy

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Developing efficient, stable, and cost-effective alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts is crucial for water electrolysis.
  • Traditional catalysts often face limitations in activity, stability, or high precious metal content.
  • Synergistic effects from multi-component catalysts are key to overcoming these challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a novel ruthenium-doped NiCo2S4 catalyst with a nanorod array architecture on nickel foam (NF).
  • To investigate the synergistic effects of trace ruthenium doping and sulfur vacancies on HER performance.
  • To elucidate the atomic-scale mechanisms responsible for the enhanced electrocatalytic activity using DFT calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of ruthenium-doped NiCo2S4 nanorod arrays on nickel foam using a combined hydrothermal-electrodeposition method.
  • Electrochemical evaluation of the catalyst's activity and stability in 1.0 M KOH for hydrogen evolution reaction.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to understand the electronic structure modulation and reaction pathways.

Main Results:

  • The Ru-doped NiCo2S4 catalyst exhibited excellent activity, requiring only 24 mV and 94 mV overpotentials for current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm-2, respectively.
  • The catalyst demonstrated remarkable stability, maintaining performance over 120 hours of operation.
  • DFT calculations revealed that Ru doping induces sulfur vacancies, optimizes hydrogen adsorption, and facilitates water dissociation.

Conclusions:

  • The 'trace doping triggers synergy' strategy successfully created a highly active and stable alkaline HER electrocatalyst with ultra-low precious metal loading.
  • The synergistic interaction between Ru dopants, sulfur vacancies, and Ni/Co sites creates an optimized multifunctional interface for efficient water splitting.
  • This work provides a promising catalyst design and theoretical insights for developing next-generation electrocatalysts for water electrolysis.