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Compact multi-period offset-spliced SMO-LPFG for ultralow-crosstalk dual-parameter sensing.

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    Summary

    A novel fiber optic sensor minimizes temperature effects on refractive index measurements. This compact device offers high accuracy for multiparameter sensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Sensing
    • Fiber Optic Sensors
    • Biomedical and Chemical Sensing

    Background:

    • Temperature fluctuations cause spectral drift, limiting the precision of surrounding refractive index (SRI) sensors.
    • Accurate SRI measurements are crucial for various applications, including environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a compact single-mode-multimode offset-spliced long-period fiber grating (SMO-LPFG) sensor.
    • To achieve high sensitivity and low temperature crosstalk for accurate SRI sensing.
    • To enable simultaneous decoupling of SRI and temperature for multiparameter measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a compact SMO-LPFG using three periods of SMF-MMF offset splicing (20µm lateral offset, 2.4mm device length).
    • Analysis using beam-propagation simulations and experimental validation.
    • Application of a sensitivity matrix approach for data analysis.

    Main Results:

    • The SMO-LPFG sensor demonstrated SRI sensitivities of 14.5 nm/RIU and 217.88 nm/RIU.
    • A temperature sensitivity of 105 pm/°C was recorded.
    • An ultralow temperature crosstalk of 2.04 × 10-5 RIU/°C was achieved.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed SMO-LPFG sensor effectively mitigates temperature-induced spectral drift.
    • The sensor's high sensitivity, low crosstalk, and ability for simultaneous SRI and temperature decoupling make it suitable for high-precision sensing.
    • The simple fabrication and compact design enhance its attractiveness for practical multiparameter sensing applications.