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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

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Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
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Methods to Assess Microbial Communities01:19

Methods to Assess Microbial Communities

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Microbial communities, comprising bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic microorganisms, inhabit diverse ecosystems and play crucial roles in environmental and biological processes. Their diversity is defined by three main parameters: species richness (the number of distinct species), species abundance (the relative quantity of each species), and species evenness (how uniformly individual species are distributed in various locations). These factors together shape the structure and ecological balance...
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

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The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

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The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
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Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

819
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
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Applications of Molecular Taxonomy01:20

Applications of Molecular Taxonomy

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Molecular taxonomy has revolutionized the understanding and classification of bacteria, providing precise insights into their diversity, evolutionary relationships, and ecological roles. By utilizing molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing and fingerprinting, researchers have made significant strides in various fields related to bacterial studies.Resolving Taxonomic AmbiguitiesMolecular taxonomy has been instrumental in distinguishing closely related bacterial species initially thought to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

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Gut check: Exploring tools, techniques, and future directions in microbiome research.

Samson Oladokun1, Bertrand Grenier2, Brian Oakley3

  • 1Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

Poultry Science
|March 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Poultry microbial communities are crucial for bird health and performance. This symposium highlighted advanced tools and methods for studying the poultry microbiome, aiming for sustainable production and disease control.

Keywords:
Deep Learning ModelsGutMicrobiomeNext-Generation SequencingPoultry

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Microbiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Poultry microbial communities significantly impact host nutrition, immunity, disease resistance, and overall health.
  • There is increasing research interest in understanding and manipulating the poultry microbiome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the latest analytical tools and technologies for poultry microbiome investigation.
  • To identify challenges and opportunities in poultry microbiome research and application.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current microbiome profiling techniques.
  • Discussion of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies.
  • Exploration of advanced data analysis, including machine learning.

Main Results:

  • Progress in microbiome profiling and NGS technologies was presented.
  • Machine learning and integrated approaches are advancing microbiome research.
  • Key challenges include method standardization, reproducibility, and data interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Translating microbiome insights into practical strategies is crucial for sustainable poultry production.
  • Emerging opportunities exist for disease control and reducing antibiotic use.
  • Enhanced understanding of the poultry microbiome can improve bird health, welfare, and productivity.