Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

41.7K
Overview
41.7K
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

13.8K
13.8K
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

5.6K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
5.6K
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

34.8K
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
34.8K
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

27.5K
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
27.5K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

65.1K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
65.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Strand Displacement Increases the Fidelity of DNA Polymerases.

Biochemistry·2026
Same author

Sterically Shielded 3,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl) Pyrrolidine Nitroxides: Synthesis, EPR Spectra, Spin Relaxation and Reduction Rates.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same author

Usnic Acid Derivatives as Inhibitors of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Uracil-DNA Glycosylase.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Synthesis of tricyclic fused pyrrolidine nitroxides from 2-alkynylpyrrolidine-1-oxyls.

Beilstein journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same author

Expanding the Range of Methods for Obtaining Diverse Representatives of Sulfonyl Phosphoramidate Oligonucleotides.

ACS omega·2026
Same author

EPR spectroscopy in the study of ribosomal complexes.

Biophysical reviews·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair
10:59

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair

Published on: May 24, 2017

10.2K

Probing Electrostatics in a DNA Repair Enzyme with a pH-Sensitive Nitroxyl Spin Label.

Sergey S Ovcherenko1, Nikita A Bulgakov2,3, Ivan A Litvinov1,3

  • 1N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 9 Akad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|March 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) uses electrostatic interactions for DNA repair. Novel spin labels reveal pH-dependent changes in Fpg

More Related Videos

Visualization of miniSOG Tagged DNA Repair Proteins in Combination with Electron Spectroscopic Imaging ESI
13:06

Visualization of miniSOG Tagged DNA Repair Proteins in Combination with Electron Spectroscopic Imaging ESI

Published on: September 24, 2015

10.6K
Investigation of Protein Recruitment to DNA Lesions Using 405 Nm Laser Micro-irradiation
12:29

Investigation of Protein Recruitment to DNA Lesions Using 405 Nm Laser Micro-irradiation

Published on: March 20, 2018

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair
10:59

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair

Published on: May 24, 2017

10.2K
Visualization of miniSOG Tagged DNA Repair Proteins in Combination with Electron Spectroscopic Imaging ESI
13:06

Visualization of miniSOG Tagged DNA Repair Proteins in Combination with Electron Spectroscopic Imaging ESI

Published on: September 24, 2015

10.6K
Investigation of Protein Recruitment to DNA Lesions Using 405 Nm Laser Micro-irradiation
12:29

Investigation of Protein Recruitment to DNA Lesions Using 405 Nm Laser Micro-irradiation

Published on: March 20, 2018

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Enzymes rely on electrostatic interactions for substrate recognition and catalysis.
  • Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) repairs 8-oxoguanine, a DNA lesion linked to cancer.
  • Proton transfer between active site residues is crucial for Fpg function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally assess the protonation state of the Fpg active site.
  • To investigate the role of electrostatic interactions in Fpg catalysis.
  • To demonstrate the utility of pH-sensitive spin labels in studying DNA-protein complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy with a novel imidazolidine nitroxyl spin label.
  • Construction of DNA duplexes with spin labels positioned near the Fpg active site.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations to verify label placement and analyze electrostatic potential.

Main Results:

  • The spin label effectively detected DNA duplex formation and Fpg binding.
  • EPR and molecular dynamics confirmed spin label proximity to the active site.
  • A pH-dependent deviation in spin label response was observed for wild-type Fpg versus the E2Q mutant at pH 7.00 and above, indicating a mutation-induced shift in local electrostatic potential.

Conclusions:

  • pH-sensitive spin labels provide a sensitive method for probing the ionization state of catalytic residues in enzymes.
  • This approach offers insights into the critical role of local charge in DNA-protein interactions.
  • The findings highlight the potential of spin labeling for studying enzyme mechanisms and DNA repair pathways.