[Research Progress in ALK^+/- Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma--Review]

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare CD30-positive T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, primarily classified into two subtypes: ALK-positive ( ALK ⁺) and ALK-negative ( ALK ^-). ALK ⁺ ALCL is commonly seen in younger patients and characterized by rapid progression, with the majority of patients achieving complete remission after chemotherapy. In contrast, ALK ^-ALCL generally affects older patients, presenting with similar clinical features but a poorer prognosis. Genetic rearrangements, such as DUSP22 and TP63, have a significant impact on patient survival. The current treatment regimen primarily involves CHOP, but its efficacy is limited, especially in relapsed cases. Consequently, there is an urgent need to improve frontline and salvage treatment options. Future research should focus on the integration of targeted therapies with molecular mechanisms to enhance therapeutic outcomes and survival rates. Understanding the subtypes and molecular characteristics of ALCL is essential for optimizing therapeutic strategies. Therefore, this review summarizes recent research advances on ALK ^+/- ALCL to provide insights for optimizing treatment approaches.