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Facial Soft Tissue Thickness in East Indian Population: A Quantitative Study on Gender Differences and Their
Arjun Kundu1, Astha Pandey2, Dharmesh Silajiya3
1School of Doctoral Studies and Research, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
Aim:
Present study aimed to quantify FSTT variations across sexes and analyse inter-landmark correlations to enhance the precision of forensic facial reconstructions.
Materials And Methods:
FSTT measurements were recorded from 300 adult participants at 10 defined midline landmarks on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Data were analysed using independent t-tests, Cohen's d for effect size, and Pearson correlation coefficients.
Results:
Six of 10 landmarks, mostly in the lower facial regions, showed statistically significant gender differences, with males consistently having greater measures and effect sizes. Strong positive associations were found in the lower face, but upper facial parameters were uncorrelated.
Conclusion:
The pronounced sexual dimorphism, particularly in the lower face, necessitates gender-specific FSTT values and a segmented approach to forensic facial reconstruction. Persistent challenges in FSTT research, including landmark standardization and methodological biases, hinder data comparability.
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