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Deciphering Cell Cycle Dynamics and Cell States in Single-cell RNA-seq data with SPAE.

Jiahao Yi1, Jiajia Liu2, Peng Guo1

  • 1Bioinformatics and Biomedical Big Data Mining Laboratory, Department of Medical Informatics, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Anshun, Guizhou 561100, China.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|March 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed SPAE, an autoencoder model, to accurately characterize cell cycle dynamics in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. This method improves cell cycle analysis and facilitates the removal of cell cycle effects from gene expression data.

Keywords:
AutoencoderCell cycle dynamicsCell cycle effectsscRNA-seq

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Computational Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) reveals cellular heterogeneity and complex biological processes.
  • Analyzing cell cycle dynamics in scRNA-seq data is challenging due to data complexity and subtle cell state differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an accurate and robust method for characterizing cell cycle dynamics and cell states in scRNA-seq data.
  • To address the limitations of existing methods in cell cycle analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the integrated Sinusoidal and Piecewise AutoEncoder (SPAE), an autoencoder-based piecewise linear model.
  • Application of SPAE to scRNA-seq data for cell cycle characterization and effect removal.

Main Results:

  • SPAE demonstrated improved accuracy and robustness in characterizing cell cycle dynamics compared to existing methods.
  • SPAE accurately predicted cancer cell cycle transitions.
  • SPAE effectively facilitated the removal of cell cycle effects from gene expression data.

Conclusions:

  • SPAE is a powerful tool for analyzing cell cycle dynamics in scRNA-seq data.
  • The method enhances the understanding of cellular heterogeneity and disease pathogenesis.
  • SPAE is available for non-commercial use.