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Pediatric-related post-COVID condition (long COVID) research and its foundational influences: a bibliometric analysis
Natalya Chagay1, Amin Tamadon2, Svetlana Kim1
1Department of Children Diseases No. 2, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
Insights
This bibliometric analysis reveals a growing body of research on pediatric long COVID. However, the study highlights significant gaps in pediatric-specific evidence, definitions, and longitudinal data for post-COVID conditions in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Bibliometrics
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global healthcare systems.
- Post-COVID-19 syndrome, or long COVID, in children is a growing area of concern.
- This study analyzes the scientific literature on pediatric long COVID from 2020-2025.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a bibliometric analysis of publications on post-COVID conditions in the pediatric population.
- To map the research landscape, identify key trends, and assess productivity and collaboration in pediatric long COVID research.
- To highlight existing gaps in pediatric-specific evidence and data.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted in Scopus and Web of Science for publications from 2020-2025.
- Keywords included "post-COVID condition/long COVID" combined with pediatric terms (child, infant, adolescent).
- Data analysis utilized bibliometric methods in R (bibliometrix/Biblioshiny) to examine productivity, citations, and thematic structures.
Main Results:
- The analysis included 1,292 publications from 84 countries, with the United States leading in productivity.
- "COVID-19" and "long COVID" were the most frequent author keywords.
- Highly cited works were often general long COVID frameworks, and symptom-focused clusters dominated thematic mapping, with MIS-C and cognitive impairment being less prominent.
Conclusions:
- The study characterizes the research landscape of pediatric long COVID indexed with pediatric terms.
- Significant gaps exist in pediatric-specific evidence, standardized definitions, and longitudinal data for post-COVID conditions in children.
- Further research is needed to address these identified gaps in the pediatric population.
Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly influenced healthcare systems worldwide. The long-term consequences of the infection in children, the phenomenon of post-COVID-19 syndrome, have been attracting increasing attention of the scientific community. The present study is a bibliometric analysis of publications addressing post-COVID (long COVID) complications in pediatric population over the period 2020-2025.
Methods And Materials:
The analysis covers 1,292 records retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science (search date: June 2025). Records were retrieved using post-COVID condition/long COVID terminology combined with pediatric-related keywords; therefore, the corpus includes pediatric-focused studies as well as influential general PCC publications indexed with pediatric terms and frequently cited in pediatric research. The search strategy combined post-COVID condition/long COVID terminology with pediatric terms (child/infant/adolescent), applying filters for English language, publication years 2020-2025, and document type (articles and reviews). Data were merged and analyzed in R using bibliometrix/Biblioshiny to describe productivity, collaboration, citations, and thematic structure.
Results:
The retrieved corpus included 1,292 publications from 84 countries/regions. The United States led productivity with 270 publications (20.9%), followed by the United Kingdom (114; 8.8%) and China (90; 7.0%). The most frequent author keywords included "COVID-19" (n = 900) and "long COVID" (n = 818). Highly cited items predominantly consisted of general or mixed-age PCC frameworks, indicating that foundational long COVID literature substantially shapes citation patterns within pediatric-tagged publications. Thematic mapping showed symptom-focused clusters as dominant, while MIS-C and cognitive impairment were less prominent in author-keyword frequency and thematic clustering within the retrieved dataset.
Conclusion:
The findings describe the pediatric-term-indexed PCC research landscape and highlight substantial gaps in pediatric-specific evidence, definitions, and longitudinal data.
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