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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Pyroptosis-Inducing Engineered Microparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Tianli Hao¹, Zihan Deng¹, Yufei Liu¹

¹College of Biomedicine and Health and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|March 18, 2026

Summary

Geldanamycin induces pyroptosis by targeting caspase-3, but causes toxicity. Biomimetic microparticles with immune checkpoint blockade offer a safer, effective lung cancer immunotherapy.

Keywords:

GSDME bispecific adapters cancer immunotherapy microparticles nanobodies pyroptosis

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Anticancer Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy with Lung Cancer-Targeted Nanoparticles

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Published on: December 1, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Biotechnology

Background:

Pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, can overcome tumor immunosuppression.
Clinical applications of pyroptosis are limited by targeted induction challenges and biosafety concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate geldanamycin (GA) as an inducer of pyroptosis via caspase-3 interaction.
To develop a novel therapeutic strategy combining targeted pyroptosis with immune checkpoint blockade for enhanced lung cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

Geldanamycin (GA) interaction with caspase-3 at R207 was studied.
Biomimetic dual-targeting microparticles (MPs) functionalized with anti-PD-L1 and anti-SIRPα nanobodies were developed.
Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in murine cancer models.

Main Results:

GA specifically interacted with caspase-3 at R207, inducing high-efficiency pyroptosis.
High-dose GA showed antitumor effects but caused toxicity and resistance via PD-L1 and CD47.
The developed MPs achieved complete tumor regression, reduced toxicity, and induced robust antitumor immunity.

Conclusions:

GA is a potent pyroptosis inducer targeting caspase-3.
Biomimetic MPs functionalized with anti-PD-L1 and anti-SIRPα nanobodies represent a promising combinatorial therapy for lung cancer.
This strategy effectively synergizes targeted pyroptosis with dual immune checkpoint blockade.