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Energy and Protein Intake in Mild-Moderate COPD Patients.

Róisín Cullen1, Kirtana Jagadeesh Nayak1, Dave Singh2,3

  • 1Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.

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Malnutrition is common in younger chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, with many not meeting protein needs. Early dietary intervention may prevent future complications in COPD individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Nutritional Science
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Malnutrition is an underrecognized extrapulmonary comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  • Limited data exists on the nutritional status of younger, mild-to-moderate COPD patients in outpatient settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess energy and protein intake in mild-to-moderate COPD patients.
  • To compare nutritional status between COPD patients and healthy non-smoking individuals (HNS).

Main Methods:

  • Recruited COPD patients and HNS.
  • Assessed anthropometrics (BMI, bioelectrical impedance) and nutritional intake (7-day food diary, FFQ).
  • Defined low fat-free mass index (FFMI) using established criteria (Schols et al., Wei et al.).

Main Results:

  • A significantly higher proportion of COPD patients exhibited low FFMI compared to HNS (23.8% vs. 0%, p=0.04) using age-sex-BMI adjusted criteria.
  • 35% of COPD patients did not meet estimated protein requirements, versus 0% of HNS (p=0.01).
  • Study included 21 COPD participants and 15 HNS.

Conclusions:

  • Findings indicate a potential for dietary interventions in younger COPD patients.
  • Early nutritional support may help prevent long-term malnutrition sequelae in COPD individuals.