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Exploring the Linear and Non-linear Association Between BMI and Night-Time Blood Pressure Variability.

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Obesity is linked to higher night-time blood pressure (BP) and BP variability (BPV). This study reveals how obesity impacts cardiovascular health, particularly during sleep.

Keywords:
BMIBlood pressureBlood pressure variabilityNighttimeObesity

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Obesity Medicine

Background:

  • The established link between obesity and elevated blood pressure (BP) is significant.
  • However, the specific impact of obesity on night-time BP and BP variability (BPV) remains under-examined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between obesity and night-time BP and BPV.
  • To elucidate the cardiovascular implications of obesity during sleep.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ambulatory BP monitoring and anthropometric data from 6,767 adults.
  • Categorized participants into normal weight, overweight, and obesity based on Body Mass Index (BMI).
  • Analyzed BP variability using standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV).

Main Results:

  • Adjusted analyses confirmed that higher BMI significantly correlates with elevated night-time systolic and diastolic BP.
  • Obesity was significantly associated with increased night-time systolic and diastolic BPV (SD and CV).
  • Restricted cubic spline models indicated a significant joint effect on BPV indices, with a trend towards non-linearity for systolic BPV.

Conclusions:

  • The findings highlight a significant relationship between obesity and adverse night-time BP and BPV patterns.
  • These results offer novel insights into obesity's detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system, especially during nocturnal hours.