Familial prolactinomas

Prolactinomas are among the most common pituitary tumours, with a small but clinically significant subset occurring on a familial or inherited basis. This review examines the spectrum of genetic conditions associated with familial prolactinoma, including both isolated familial forms and complex syndromic disorders. The clinical features that should raise suspicion for an underlying genetic predisposition are outlined, along with the appropriate steps for genetic evaluation and counselling. The implications of a genetic diagnosis for both the management of the individual patient and the screening of at-risk family members are highlighted. Through the integration of genetics into clinical practice, a more personalized and preventive approach to the care of patients with prolactinomas and their families can be achieved.