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Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Brain-Computer Interface-controlled Upper Limb Robotic System for Enhancing Daily Activities in Stroke Patients
Published on: April 18, 2025
Sacha Leinders1, Erik J Aarnoutse1, Mariana P Branco1
1Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Nocturnal use of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is feasible with a specialized nightmode. This system addresses signal changes during sleep, enabling reliable 24/7 assistive communication for individuals with paralysis.
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