Dual-sensor coherence-driven adaptive denoising (WF-VMD-DDCDO) for underwater target detection.
Hailin Qiu1, Peng Yang2, Chen Huang2
1School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Scientific Reports
|March 19, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a new method for detecting underwater targets using shaft-rate magnetic fields, even with low signal strength and interference. The CSEM-WF-VMD-DDCDO approach achieves high accuracy in challenging conditions.
Area of Science:
- Marine technology
- Signal processing
- Electromagnetism
Background:
- Underwater vehicles generate shaft-rate magnetic fields crucial for target detection.
- Conventional methods struggle with Gaussian white noise assumptions and interference line spectra, leading to high false alarm rates.
- Detecting weak magnetic signals in complex underwater environments remains a significant challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an advanced detection method for underwater targets based on shaft-rate magnetic fields.
- To address limitations of existing algorithms in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and interference environments.
- To improve the accuracy and reliability of underwater magnetic field detection.
Main Methods:
- Integration of Coherent Signal Enhancement Method (CSEM), whitening filter, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD), and Differential Double-Coupled Duffing Oscillator (DDCDO).
- Utilizing spatially coherent target signal properties and data from two magnetometers for signal amplification and noise attenuation.
- Employing an enhanced differential double-coupled Duffing oscillator for detecting the shaft-rate magnetic field at extremely low SNR (-54.39 dB).
Main Results:
- The CSEM-WF-VMD-DDCDO method effectively detects magnetic fields in low SNR environments with interference line spectra.
- The approach successfully identifies targets from colored noise samples and interference.
- Achieved 95.83% accuracy on assessed signals during a field test, validating performance on both simulated and empirical data.
Conclusions:
- The proposed CSEM-WF-VMD-DDCDO method offers a robust solution for underwater target detection via shaft-rate magnetic fields.
- This technique significantly enhances detection capabilities in challenging underwater acoustic and electromagnetic conditions.
- Demonstrated practical efficacy and high accuracy in real-world field tests.
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