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Associations Between Systemic Immunity Inflammation Index, Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation, and Hospital

Liyuan Han1,2, Yanhua Li1,2, Chunyan Gao1,2

  • 1Clinical Laboratory, Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China.

Infection and Drug Resistance
|March 19, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Systemic inflammation indices (SII and AISI) can predict hospital-acquired otitis media (OM) in children with bacterial pneumonia. These biomarkers may help guide targeted prevention strategies for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Hospital-acquired otitis media (OM) is a frequent complication in pediatric bacterial pneumonia, leading to extended illness.
  • Systemic inflammation indices (SII and AISI) are potential biomarkers for identifying children at risk of developing OM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the association between SII and AISI and the risk of hospital-acquired OM in children up to 12 years old with bacterial pneumonia.
  • To evaluate the predictive performance of SII and AISI for hospital-acquired OM.

Main Methods:

  • 388 children (≤12 years) with bacterial pneumonia were analyzed.
  • Logistic regression and nomogram models were used to evaluate the relationship between SII, AISI, and OM risk.
  • Model performance was assessed using AUC, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis.

Main Results:

  • Children with OM exhibited significantly higher levels of inflammatory markers, including SII and AISI.
  • Multivariate analysis identified log2-SII (OR=1.38) and log2-AISI (OR=1.37) as significant risk factors for hospital-acquired OM.
  • The log2-AISI model showed superior discriminatory ability (AUC=0.834) compared to the log2-SII model (AUC=0.827).

Conclusions:

  • SII and AISI demonstrate predictive value for hospital-acquired OM in pediatric patients with bacterial pneumonia.
  • These inflammation indices can aid in clinical practice for targeted prevention of OM.
  • Utilizing SII and AISI may improve patient prognosis by enabling early intervention.
Abstract

Keywords:
aggregate index of systemic inflammationbacterial pneumoniainflammationotitis mediasystemic immunity inflammation index

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