Pseudocirrhosis due to liver metastasis from lung squamous cell carcinoma: A case report

Pseudocirrhosis is extremely rare and primarily observed in metastatic breast cancer, with only a handful of cases involving other primary malignancies. Regarding lung cancer, only two cases of lung adenocarcinoma have been reported. To the best of our knowledge, no previous reports have described pseudocirrhosis associated with lung squamous cell carcinoma. The present study reports the case of a 74-year-old male who was diagnosed with primary squamous cell carcinoma in the left lower lobe of the lung. Computed tomography scans revealed multiple metastatic lesions in the liver. There was no history of liver disease. Treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor plus chemotherapy was initiated for four cycles, followed by maintenance therapy with the same immune checkpoint inhibitor. Although the pulmonary lesions and liver metastases showed marked regression, cirrhotic-like morphological changes developed in the liver 1 year later. Despite immediate discontinuation of the immune checkpoint inhibitor and aggressive treatment with human albumin infusion, liver protection and diuretics, the patient succumbed to liver failure. In conclusion, patients with liver metastases from lung squamous cell carcinoma may also present with pseudocirrhosis, and clinicians need to be aware of this presentation.