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Gold Nanoparticles and Chitosan Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review
Dipali Deshpande1, Varsha Pandit1, Erkala Jyothsna2
1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences
|March 19, 2026
Summary
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) show promise for dental applications, offering strong antimicrobial effects and regenerative potential. Further research is needed to confirm their safety and efficacy in clinical settings.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology in Dentistry
- Dental Therapeutics
Background:
- Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) are multifunctional nanomaterials.
- These nanoparticles exhibit antimicrobial, biocompatible, and regenerative properties.
- Their potential applications are significant in conservative and endodontic dentistry.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize evidence on AuNPs and CNPs in endodontics and conservative dentistry.
- To evaluate the current research on their synthesis, characterization, and dental applications.
- To assess their efficacy in improving clinical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.
- Inclusion of studies on synthesis, characterization, and dental application of AuNPs and/or CNPs.
- Qualitative analysis of 10 selected studies following PRISMA guidelines.
Main Results:
- Chitosan-AuNP composites demonstrated strong antimicrobial efficacy against relevant oral bacteria.
- Studies indicated enhanced sealing ability, siRNA delivery, drug release, and photothermal therapy.
- Formulations showed high biocompatibility and regenerative potential.
Conclusions:
- Gold and chitosan nanoparticles show significant promise for improving dental disinfection, restorative sealing, and regeneration.
- Further in vivo and clinical studies are essential to validate long-term safety and efficacy.
- Nanomaterials offer advanced solutions for conservative and endodontic dental treatments.
